Photons to Photos
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Last revised: 2018-10-27 15:00 GMT-5

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Notes:
Demonstration of measurement and sample variation using the Nikon D850 as an example.
Measurement range are the low and high values from 8 repeated measurements on the same Nikon D850.
Sample range are the low and high values from one measurement on each of 8 different Nikon D850s.
You can use the zoom capability to see just how small these variations are.

Also See:
Read Noise in DNs versus ISO Setting - Measurement and Sample Variation - Regular Edition
Photographic Dynamic Range versus ISO Setting - Measurement and Sample Variation Special Edition
Sensor Characteristics - Measurement and Sample Variation Special Edition

Further Reading:
Measurement and Sample Variation